What Is Layer 1 In Crypto

Layer 1 (L1) in crypto refers to the main blockchain that forms the foundation of a network, such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Solana, where all transactions and processes take place directly. This layer is responsible for validating and securing transactions using consensus mechanisms like Proof-of-Work (PoW) or Proof-of-Stake (PoS), and permanently storing data on the public ledger.

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đź“… Nov 14, 2025

✍️ By 4rt3mi5

Main functions of Layer 1:

Core infrastructure:
Provides the fundamental, independent framework for decentralized applications (DApps), tokens, and other functionalities.

Transaction validation:
Processes and validates every transaction occurring on the network through its consensus mechanism.

Security:
Ensures the security and integrity of the decentralized ledger without any central authority, often using techniques like sharding to improve efficiency.

Native token:
Hosts the network’s native token, which is used for transaction fees (gas) or other utilities.


Examples of Layer 1 blockchains:

Bitcoin: The first blockchain using the Proof-of-Work consensus mechanism.

Ethereum: A blockchain that supports smart contracts and DApps, which has transitioned to Proof-of-Stake.

Solana: A Layer 1 blockchain known for its high speed and low transaction costs.